Glossary of Common Chemical Names

Archaic or Common Name Current Technical Name Archaic or Common Name Current Technical Name
Acid of sugar Oxalic acid Indian red Ferric oxide
Ackey Nitric acid Isinglass Agar-agar, gelatine
Alum or Alum flower or Alum meal Potassium aluminum sulfate Jewellers' rouge Ferric oxide
Antichlor Sodium thiosulfate Lampblack Crude form of carbon
Antimony black Antimony trisulfide Lead peroxide Lead dioxide
Antimony bloom Antimony trioxide Lead protoxide Lead oxide
Antimony glance Antimony trisulfide Lead protoxide Lead oxide
Antimony glance Antimony trisulfide Lime Calcium oxide
Aqua fortis Nitric acid Lime (slaked) Calcium hydroxide
Aromatic spirits of ammonia A 10% solution of ammonia Liquor ammonia Ammonium hydroxide (soln.)
Arsenic glass Arsenic trioxide Litharge Lead monoxide
Azurite Mineral form of basic copper carbonate Liver of sulphur Potash sulfurated
Baking soda Sodium bicarbonate Lunar caustic Silver nitrate
Barium white Barium sulfate Lye (soda lye) Sodium hydroxide
Bicarbonate of soda Sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate) Magnesia Magnesium oxide
Bichrome Potassium dichromate Manganese black Manganese dioxide
Bitter salt Magnesium sulfate Marble Calcium carbonate
Black ash Crude form of sodium carbonate Milk of lime Calcium hydroxide
Black lead Graphite Milk of magnesium Magnesium hydroxide
Blanc-fixe Barium sulfate Milk of sulphur Precipitated sulfur
Bleaching powder Calcium hypochlorite Mohrs salt Ferrous ammonium sulfate
Blue copperas Copper sulfate (crystals) "Muriate" of a metal The metal chloride
Blue lead Lead sulfate Muriatic acid Hydrochloric acid
Blue salts Nickel sulfate Natron Sodium carbonate
Blue stone Copper sulfate (crystals) Nitre Potassium nitrate
Blue vitriol Copper sulfate (crystals) Oil of vitriol Concentrated sulfuric acid
Bone ash Crude calcium phosphate Oleic acid CIS-9-octadecenoic acid
Bone black Crude animal charcoal Paris blue Ferric ferrocyanide
Boracic acid Boric acid Pearl ash Anhydrous potassium carbonate
Borax Sodium tetraborate Permanent white Barium sulfate
Bremen blue Basic copper carbonate Plaster of Paris Calcium sulfate
Brimstone Sulfur Plumbago Graphite
Burnt alum Anhydrous potassium aluminum sulfate Precipitated chalk Calcium carbonate
Burnt lime Calcium oxide Prussian blue Ferric ferrocyanide
Burnt ochre or burnt ore Ferric oxide Quicklime Calcium oxide
Calomel Mercurous chloride Quicksilver Mercury
Carbolic acid Phenol Red lead Lead tetroxide
Caustic "Any strongly alkaline material which has a corrosive or irritating effect on living tissue." ...Hawley's condensed Chemical Dictionary Red liquor Aluminum acetate (soln.)
Caustic lime Calcium hydroxide Red prussiate of potash Potassium ferricyanide
Red prussiate of soda Sodium ferricyanide Caustic soda Sodium hydroxide
Rochelle salt Potassium sodium tartrate Chalk Calcium carbonate
Rock salt Sodium chloride Chili nitre or chili saltpetre Sodium nitrate
Rouge Ferric oxide Chinese red Basic lead chromate
Sal ammoniac Ammonium chloride Chinese white Zinc oxide.
Salt Sodium chloride Chloride of lime Calcium hypochlorite
Salt of tartar or salt of wormwood Potassium carbonate Chloride of soda Sodium hypochlorite
Saltpetre Potassium nitrate Chlorinated lime Calcium hypochlorite
Slaked lime Calcium hydroxide Chrome alum Potassium chromium sulfate
Soda ash Anhydrous sodium carbonate Chrome green Chromium oxide
Soda lime Mixture of calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide Chrome red Basic lead chromate
Soda monohydrate Sodium carbonate (crystals) Chrome yellow Lead chromate
Soda nitre Sodium nitrate Chromic acid Chromium trioxide
Soda or washing soda (crystals) Sodium carbonate (crystals) Common salt Sodium chloride
Sour salt Citric acid Copperas (blue) Copper sulfate (crystals)
Spirit of hartshorn Ammonia solution Copperas (green) Ferrous sulfate
Spirit of salt Hydrochloric acid Corundum Chiefly aluminum oxide
Spirit of wine Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) Cream of tartar Potassium hydrogen tartrate
Sugar of lead Lead acetate Crocus Ferric oxide
Tin crystals Stannous chloride Crystal carbonate Sodium carbonate
Trona Sodium carbonate (natural) Dechlor Sodium thiosulfate
Unslaked lime Calcium oxide Epsom salts Magnesium sulfate
Venetian red Ferric oxide Farina Starch
Verdigris Basic copper acetate Ferro-prussiate Potassium ferrocyanide
Vienna lime Calcium carbonate Ferrum Iron
Vinegar Crude form of acetic acid Fixed white Barium sulfate
Vitriol Sulfuric acid "Flowers" of sulfur Sulfur
Washing soda Sodium carbonate (crystals) "Flowers" of a metal Obsolete term for an oxide of a metal e.g. flowers of zinc is zinc oxide
Waterglass Sodium silicate (soln. ) French verdigris Basic copper acetate
White caustic Sodium hydroxide Glauber's salt Sodium sulfate
White lead Basic lead carbonate Green verditer Basic copper carbonate
White vitriol Zinc sulfate (crystal) Green vitriol Ferrous sulfate (crystals)
Whiting Calcium carbonate Gypsum Caleium sulfate
Yellow prussiate of potash Potassium ferrocyanide Heavy spar Barium sulfate
Yellow prussiate of soda Sodium ferrocyanide Hypo Sodium thiosulfate
Zinc vitriol Zinc sulfate Zinc white Zinc oxide
Caustic potash Potassium hydroxide


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